Lymphoma: cancer of the lymph node

Lymphoma is a form of cancer that affects the lymphatic system. It can be divided into two categories: Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), with NHL being the more common type, accounting for about 90% of all cases. While the exact cause of lymphoma is unknown, it's thought to be associated with a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Symptoms typically include swollen lymph nodes, fever, night sweats, fatigue, and unexplained weight loss. Diagnosis involves physical examinations, blood tests, imaging tests such as CT scans or MRIs, and tissue biopsies. Treatment options depend on the type and stage of the disease as well as the patient's age and overall health - these may include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, or a combination of these treatments. Prognosis varies depending on subtype and stage; some are highly treatable while others are more difficult to treat. Early detection and treatment are key to increasing the chances of successful outcomes.